
2026Independent research
Teaching Cost Curve: how many demos does a robot need?
Measuring the demonstration-count vs. success-rate curve for SmolVLA, LoRA fine-tuned on unseen LIBERO tasks, on a single 8 GB consumer GPU. Nearly all of the value arrives in the first five demonstrations, and so does catastrophic forgetting.
- success @ 5 demos
- 66.7%
- success @ 5 demos
- params trained
- 0.66%
- params trained
- episodes / point
- 300
- episodes / point
- SmolVLA
- LeRobot
- LoRA / PEFT
- LIBERO
- MuJoCo
- PyTorch


